Logo

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan
Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah

Register
Login

KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR ALJABAR SISWA SEKOLAH PENDIDIKAN DASAR KELAS V DAN KELAS VII: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Dian Permatasari
Idris Harta
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v3i1.726
Submitted
Jan 10, 2018
Published
Jul 24, 2018
PDF (BAHASA INDONESIA)
Citation
Permatasari, D., & Harta, I. (2018). KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR ALJABAR SISWA SEKOLAH PENDIDIKAN DASAR KELAS V DAN KELAS VII: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 3(1), 99–115. https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v3i1.726
Abstract

The study aimed to describe 1) students’ algebraic thinking ability of elementary school grade V, 2) students’ algebraic thinking ability of junior high school grade VII, and 3) the development of students’ algebraic thinking ability from elementary school kelas V to junior high school grade VII. This study was a cross-sectional design with quantitive descriptive approach. The subjects of this study were 77 students of elementary school grade V and 95 students of junior high school grade VII. The sampling technique method used was stratified purposive sampling techniques and of analysis techniques with a descriptive analysis. The instrument used were algebraic thinking problems that consist of 3 components, namely, generational, transformational, and global meta-level activity. The results showed that 1) the students’ algebraic thinking ability of elementary school grade V was in the medium criteria; 2) the students’ algebraic thinking ability of junior high school grade VII was in medium criteria; 3) the average of gain score of students in junior high school grade VII was higher than students in elementary school grade V and students in elementary school grade V because lementary school students grade V until junior high school grade VII undergo a transition of thinking processes from arithmetic thinking to algebra thinking gradually, from simple cases to more complex cases. Generally, students of grade V and VII have moderate algebraic thinking skills. However, the ability of students of grade VII is higher than students of grade V because they have formally obtained algebra material. 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan 1) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas V, 2) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama kelas VII, dan 3) perkembangan kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa dari sekolah dasar hingga sekolah menengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini 77 siswa SD kelas V dan 95 siswa SMP kelas VII. Penentuan subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik stratified purposive sampling dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan berpikir aljabar yang memuat 3 komponen kegiatan yaitu kegiatan generasional, transformasional, dan global meta-level. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SD kelas V berada dalam kriteria sedang; 2) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SMP kelas VII berada dalam kriteria sedang; 3) rata-rata kemampuan siswa SMP kelas VII lebih tinggi dibanding rata-rata siswa SD kelas V karena siswa SD kelas V sampai dengan SMP kelas VII mengalami suatu transisi proses berpikir dari berpikir aritmatika menuju berpikir aljabar secara bertahap, mulai dari kasus sederhana sampai dengan kasus yang lebih kompleks. Kesimpulan, siswa kelas V dan kelas VII rata-rata memiliki kemampuan berpikir aljabar sedang. Namun, kemampuan siswa kelas VII lebih tinggi daripada siswa kelas V karena siswa Kelas VII telah memperoleh materi aljabar secara formal.

Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Read Counter : 1946
Downloads : 1320
References
Azwar, S. (2012). Tes prestasi: Fungsi dan pengembangan pengukuran prestasi belajar. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Belajar.

Britt, M. S., & Irwin, K. C. (2008). Algebraic thinking with and without algebraic representation: A three-year longitudinal study. ZDM Mathematics Education, 40 (1) 39–53.

Booker, G. (2009). Algebraic thinking: generalising number and geometry to express patterns and properties succinctly. Griffith University. Brisbane.

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011). Research methods in education. Routledge: Madison Avenue, NY.

Dahar, R. W. (2006). Teori-teori belajar dan pembelajaran. Bandung: Erlangga.


Drijvers, P., Goddijn, A, & Kindt, M. (2011). Algebra education: exploring topics and themes. Edited by Paul Drijvers. Secondary Algebra Education: Revisiting Topics and Themes and Exploring the Unknown. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Sense Publishers.

Feldman, R. S. (2011). Understanding psychology (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Ferrucci, B. J. (2004). Gateways to algebra at the primary level. The Mathematics Educator, 8 (1) 131–38.

Hidayanto, E. (2014). Transisi dari berpikir aritmetis ke berpikir aljabaris. Disertasi. Malang: PPS Universitas Negeri Malang. Inganah, S. (2016). Karakteristik berpikir aljabar siswa pada level multi struktural dalam menggeneralisasi pola. Research Report, 305–14.

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2016). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 24 Tahun 2016 tentang Kompetensi Inti (KI) dan Kompetensi Dasar (KD) Pelajaran pada Kurikulum 2013 pada Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah.

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2013). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 64 Tahun 2013 Tentang Standar Isi Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah.

Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. (2006). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 Tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan Untuk Satuan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah.

Kieran, C. (2004). Algebraic thinking in the early grades/ : What is it? Mathematics Educator, 8 (1) 139–51.

Lew, Hee-chan. (2004). Developing algebraic thinking in early frades: Case study of korean elementary school mathematics. The Mathematics Educator, 8 (1) 88–106.

Mason, J., Graham, A., & Johnston-Wilder, S. (2005). Developing Thinking in Algebra. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.

Morgil, I, & Yörük, N. (2006). Cross-age study of the understanding of some concepts in chemistry subjects in science curriculum. Turkish Science Education, 3(1), 15–27.

NCTM. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. School Science and Mathematics. The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc.: Reston, VA.

Nursuprianah, I. & Nisa, H. N, (2013). Pengaruh pemahaman konsep aritmatika terhadap kemampuan berpikir aljabar (studi kasus pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Ketanggungan Kabupaten Brebes). Eduma, 2(2).

Ormrod, J. E., & Davis, K. M. (2012). Human learning (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

Panasuk, R.M. (2010). Three phase ranking framework for assessing conceptual understanding in algebra using multiple representations. Education, 131 (2) 235–57.

Patton, B., & Santos, E. D. L. (2012). Analyzing algebraic thinking using “guess my number” problems. International Journal of Instruction, 5 (1) 5–22.

Proulx, J. (2006). Making the transition to algebraic thinking: Taking students’ arithmetic modes of reasoning into account. Delta-K, 44 (1) 8-16.

Puspita, I, Kaniawati, I, & Suwarma, I. R. (2017). Student obstacles in solving algebraic thinking problems. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 895 (1) 1–6.

Radford, L. (2006). Algebraic thinking and the generalization of patterns: A semiotic perspective. PME-NA 2006 Proceedings, 1, 1-21.

Radford, L. (2010). Elementary forms of algebraic thinking in young students. Dalam Pinto M. F. & Kawasaki T. F. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 34th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 4, 73–80.

Santrock, J.W. (2011). Educational psychology. 5thed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Taylor-Cox, J. (2003). Algebra in the early years? yes! Young Children, 58 (1) 14–21.

Ültay, N., & Ültay, E. (2010). The development of chemistry concept in 7 th grade and 11 th grade/ : A cross-age study. Procedia –Sosial and Behavioral Sciences 2(2), 492–496.

Watson, A. (2007). Paper 6: Algebraic Reasoning. Dalam Key Understandings in Mathematics Learning. Nuffield Foundation.

Windsor, W. (2008). Algebraic thinking/ : A problem solving approach. Dalam L. Sparrow, B. Kissane & C. Hurst (Eds.), Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. Fremantle: MERGA.